Under what condition can a security guard detain an individual?

A security guard can detain an individual when they have witnessed a crime being committed in their presence. This principle stems from the concept of "citizens' arrest," which allows individuals, including security personnel, to intervene when they can directly observe unlawful behavior. In such situations, the security guard has the legal authority to detain the suspect until law enforcement arrives, as they are responding to an immediate threat to public safety or property.

While acting suspiciously may lead a security guard to question an individual, it does not provide sufficient grounds for detainment without additional evidence of wrongdoing. Trespassing, although a valid concern, typically requires a clear legal basis or prior warning that the individual was not welcome on the property before any detainment is appropriate. Similarly, refusing to provide identification can be seen as suspicious behavior, but it does not equate to evidence of criminal activity that justifies a detainment under the law. Thus, the direct observation of a crime is the only strong basis for legitimate detainment by a security guard.